#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

typedef struct
{
	size_t thread_count;
	size_t next_thread; // next thread to print
} shared_data_t;

typedef struct
{
	size_t thread_num;
	shared_data_t* shared_data;
} private_data_t;

int create_threads(shared_data_t* shared_data);
void* run(void* data);


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	shared_data_t* shared_data = (shared_data_t*) calloc(1, sizeof(shared_data_t));
	if ( shared_data == NULL )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "error: could not allocate shared memory\n"), 1;

	shared_data->thread_count = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
	if ( argc >= 2 )
		shared_data->thread_count = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 10);
	
	shared_data->next_thread = 0;
	
	struct timespec start_time;
	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &start_time);

	int error = create_threads(shared_data);
	if ( error )
		return error;

	struct timespec finish_time;
	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &finish_time);
	
	double elapsed_seconds = finish_time.tv_sec - start_time.tv_sec
		+ 1e-9 * (finish_time.tv_nsec - start_time.tv_nsec);
		
	printf("Hello execution time %.9lfs\n", elapsed_seconds);
		
	free(shared_data);
	return 0;
}

int create_threads(shared_data_t* shared_data)
{
	pthread_t* threads = (pthread_t*) malloc(shared_data->thread_count * sizeof(pthread_t));
	if ( threads == NULL )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "error: could not allocate memory for %zu threads\n", shared_data->thread_count), 2;

	private_data_t* private_data = (private_data_t*) calloc(shared_data->thread_count, sizeof(private_data_t));
	if ( private_data == NULL )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "error: could not allocate private memory for %zu threads\n", shared_data->thread_count), 3;

	for ( size_t index = 0; index < shared_data->thread_count; ++index )
	{
		private_data[index].thread_num = index;
		private_data[index].shared_data = shared_data;
		pthread_create(&threads[index], NULL, run, &private_data[index]);
	}

	printf("Hello world from main thread\n");

	for ( size_t index = 0; index < shared_data->thread_count; ++index )
		pthread_join(threads[index], NULL);

	free(private_data);
	free(threads);
	return 0;
}

void* run(void* data)
{
	private_data_t* private_data = (private_data_t*)data;
	shared_data_t* shared_data = private_data->shared_data;
	
	size_t thread_num = (*private_data).thread_num;
	size_t thread_count = shared_data->thread_count;
	
	while ( shared_data->next_thread < thread_num )
		; // busy wait
	
	printf("Hello world from secondary thread %zu of %zu\n", thread_num, thread_count);
	
	++shared_data->next_thread;
	
	return NULL;
}