#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

typedef struct
{
	size_t team_count;
	sem_t* batons;
	pthread_barrier_t start_barrier;
	useconds_t stage1_duration;
	useconds_t stage2_duration;
	size_t position;
	pthread_mutex_t position_mutex;
} shared_data_t;

typedef struct
{
	size_t my_team_number;
	shared_data_t* shared_data;
} private_data_t;

int analyze_arguments(int argc, char* argv[], shared_data_t* shared_data);
int create_threads(shared_data_t* shared_data);
void* start_race(void* data);
void* finish_race(void* data);


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	shared_data_t* shared_data = (shared_data_t*) calloc(1, sizeof(shared_data_t));
	if ( shared_data == NULL )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "error: could not allocate shared memory\n"), 1;

	int error = analyze_arguments(argc, argv, shared_data);
	if ( error == 0 )
	{
		shared_data->batons = (sem_t*) calloc(shared_data->team_count, sizeof(sem_t));
		if ( shared_data->batons )
		{
			for ( size_t index = 0; index < shared_data->team_count; ++index )
				sem_init(&shared_data->batons[index], 0 /*pshared*/, 0);

			pthread_barrier_init(&shared_data->start_barrier, /*attr*/ NULL, shared_data->team_count);
			shared_data->position = 0;
			pthread_mutex_init(&shared_data->position_mutex, /*attr*/ NULL);
			
			struct timespec start_time;
			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &start_time);

			error = create_threads(shared_data);
			if ( error == 0 )
			{
				struct timespec finish_time;
				clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &finish_time);
				
				double elapsed_seconds = finish_time.tv_sec - start_time.tv_sec
					+ 1e-9 * (finish_time.tv_nsec - start_time.tv_nsec);
					
				printf("Simulation time %.9lfs\n", elapsed_seconds);
			}
				
			pthread_mutex_destroy(&shared_data->position_mutex);
			pthread_barrier_destroy(&shared_data->start_barrier);
			free(shared_data->batons);
		}
		else
		{
			fprintf(stderr, "error: could not allocate memory for %zu batons\n", shared_data->team_count);
			error = 2;
		}
	}
	
	free(shared_data);
	return error;
}

int analyze_arguments(int argc, char* argv[], shared_data_t* shared_data)
{
	if ( argc != 4 )
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "usage: relay_race teams stage1_duration stage2_duration\n");
		return 1;
	}
	
	if ( sscanf(argv[1], "%zu", &shared_data->team_count) != 1 || shared_data->team_count == 0 )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "invalid team count: %s\n", argv[1]), 1;

	if ( sscanf(argv[2], "%u", &shared_data->stage1_duration) != 1 )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "invalid stage 1 duration: %s\n", argv[2]), 2;

	if ( sscanf(argv[3], "%u", &shared_data->stage2_duration) != 1 )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "invalid stage 2 duration: %s\n", argv[3]), 3;

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

int create_threads(shared_data_t* shared_data)
{
	size_t thread_count = 2 * shared_data->team_count;

	pthread_t* threads = (pthread_t*) malloc(thread_count * sizeof(pthread_t));
	if ( threads == NULL )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "error: could not allocate memory for %zu threads\n", thread_count), 2;

	private_data_t* private_data = (private_data_t*) calloc(thread_count, sizeof(private_data_t));
	if ( private_data == NULL )
		return (void)fprintf(stderr, "error: could not allocate private memory for %zu threads\n", thread_count), 3;

  #if INVERTED_TEAM_ORDER
	for ( size_t index = shared_data->team_count - 1; index < shared_data->team_count; --index )
  #else
	for ( size_t index = 0; index < shared_data->team_count; ++index )
  #endif
	{
		private_data[index].my_team_number = index;
		private_data[index].shared_data = shared_data;
		pthread_create(&threads[index], NULL, start_race, &private_data[index]);
	}

  #if INVERTED_TEAM_ORDER
	for ( size_t index = thread_count - 1; index >= shared_data->team_count; --index )
  #else
	for ( size_t index = shared_data->team_count; index < thread_count; ++index )
  #endif
	{
		private_data[index].my_team_number = index - shared_data->team_count;
		private_data[index].shared_data = shared_data;
		pthread_create(&threads[index], NULL, finish_race, &private_data[index]);
	}

	for ( size_t index = 0; index < thread_count; ++index )
		pthread_join(threads[index], NULL);

	free(private_data);
	free(threads);
	return 0;
}

void* start_race(void* data)
{
	private_data_t* private_data = (private_data_t*)data;
	shared_data_t* shared_data = private_data->shared_data;
	
	pthread_barrier_wait(&shared_data->start_barrier);
	usleep( 1000 * shared_data->stage1_duration );
	sem_post(&shared_data->batons[private_data->my_team_number]);

	return NULL;
}

void* finish_race(void* data)
{
	private_data_t* private_data = (private_data_t*)data;
	shared_data_t* shared_data = private_data->shared_data;
	
	sem_wait(&shared_data->batons[private_data->my_team_number]);
	usleep( 1000 * shared_data->stage2_duration );
	
	pthread_mutex_lock(&shared_data->position_mutex);
	if ( ++shared_data->position <= 3 )
		printf("Place %zu: team %zu\n", shared_data->position, private_data->my_team_number + 1);
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&shared_data->position_mutex);
	
	return NULL;
}